The Science behind Fiber
Multiple methods exist for measuring the different types of fiber, but not one analytical methodology encompasses all the necessary considerations for formulating diets.
Crude fiber refers to the indigestible fractions of a feedstuff. As the name suggests, measuring fiber by this methodology is crude. This approach accounts for most of the cellulose but only a portion of the hemicellulose and lignin, resulting in underestimations of the true fiber content. Crude fiber does not account for the soluble fibers in an ingredient and provides little information about the functionality and fermentability of that ingredient or feed. Unfortunately, this method and label guarantee are still used to this day.
Dietary fiber, on the other hand, better aligns with new Food and Drug Administration’s regulations and provides more meaningful information to pet parents. The dietary fiber method measures both insoluble and soluble fibers, reflecting a much more accurate representation of the total dietary fiber.
Insoluble dietary fiber refers to plant cellulose and hemicellulose, which affect stool firmness, help move digesta, and create balance in the intestine, thereby improving stool quality.
Soluble dietary fiber refers to plant pectin and gums, which help nurture optimal intestinal health and serve as an intestinal pH modulator.
Too much insoluble dietary fiber can result in excessive stool volume, and too much soluble dietary fiber can cause loose stools and flatulence. A balance between the two must be achieved for optimal intestinal health and performance.
The health benefits provided by fiber stem from their nourishment of the gut microbiota, the microorganisms living in the pet’s digestive tract. Microbiota thrive on a diversified diet, ideally provided by a healthy balance of dietary fiber.
Each source of dietary fiber serves a unique function and only through providing the proper blend at select quantities can optimal gut conditions for promoting pet health and well-being and consumer-acceptable stool quality be achieved.